Freedom of Expression in Zambia: Progress and Ongoing Reforms

Zambia has a diverse media landscape, with over 100 radio stations, 50 television channels, and millions engaging in discussions online. The country’s strong media freedom and active political discourse stand in contrast to claims made by Mail & Guardian columnist Aaron Ng’ambi, who recently alleged Zambia is “suppressing the freedoms and liberties of innocent individuals.”

Among his most misleading claims, Mr Ng’ambi compared Zambia to Myanmar, a nation with a Freedom House score of just eight. Zambia enjoys a far more stable democracy, scoring 54, and has upheld peaceful transitions of power across multiple administrations. His article also coincided with a visit from UN Special Rapporteur Irene Khan, invited by President Hakainde Hichilema to assess freedom of expression in the country, though his article fails to quote it.

Khan’s preliminary report acknowledges that while challenges remain, significant progress has been made since Hichilema took office in 2021. Under the new administration, media outlets are no longer routinely shut down, and journalists face fewer threats. The introduction of the Access to Information Act has increased transparency, while the repeal of the Defamation of the President Act in 2022 has extended free speech protections. Additionally, government initiatives to improve internet access and media self-regulation have been praised.

Though Zambia still has work to do, the nation remains committed to strengthening free expression. The government recognises the growing challenges of online misinformation but continues to improve democratic engagement. As the UN report notes, Zambia is at a critical juncture in its journey towards complete press freedom, and this administration is dedicated to advancing that cause.